Monday, 1 July 2013

Roman shrine discovered at Rutland Water

I've just been reading the very interesting news that a new Roman shrine site has been discovered at Rutland Water, just to the south of Lincolnshire and so very close to my own patch.  Having an interest in local Romano-British religious practices, its great news to hear that a new site has been unearthed that will help us to better understand the nature of Romano-British belief in the region.

The site was uncovered by Northamptonshire Archaeology and consists of a circular stone building, 10.5m wide, related to an Iron Age farmstead.  The suggestion is that the shrine dates to between around AD100 and AD300, though the exact relationship between the farmstead and the shrine isn't clear from the reports I've seen so far.  I look forward to reading the full report to see what overlap and connection there might be between the two, and with other Roman activity in the area.

The format of the shrine building is also unclear.  A typical Romano-British temple site might be expected to have a central building - a cella - with a covered walkway around it.  This would then have a further surrounding courtyard - a temenos - all enclosed by a boundary wall or ditch.  Worshipers would make their offerings within the temenos, but would not be allowed to enter the cella, where the presiding deity's cult statue would reside.  At present, it is not clear what features, if any, surrounded this simple stone building, and where the finds were located in relation to it and other landscape features such as ditches or pits.



Finds from the site have included red and white painted plaster from the building's walls, more than 200 Roman coins, pottery jars, part of a small bronze figurine and deposits of lamb and cattle bones.  These finds are all representative of the types of objects and remains associated with temple sites and the ritual offering of animals.  It will be interesting to see if the statue fragment can be associated with any specific deity, as it may be the only clue to determining which divinity, classical Roman or local British / Celtic, was being honoured.

Perhaps the single most unusual aspect of the site was the discovery of the skeleton of a male of about 30 years of age, positioned in the centre of the shrine.  The reports I've seen lead to the assumption that the burial is contemporary with the life of the shrine.  Analysis of the skeleton, though it looks from the photographs to be in fairly poor condition, will be fascinating to see if a cause of death can be determined, or if any injuries are present.  The use of human sacrifice (willing or otherwise) is a distinctly Celtic practice rather than a Roman one, so if this burial relates to the 2nd or 3rd Centuries AD it could be a very interesting discovery indeed.



The finds from the excavation and a reconstruction of the building are currently on display at the Rutland Water Visitor Centre.  No prizes for guessing where I'm going this weekend!



Travels with Lidongni - Amsterdam, Netherlands (June 2013)

My wife and I took our first trip to the Netherlands with a long weekend in Amsterdam and a trip out to the nearby town of Haarlem.  We had intended that this wouldn't be quite the usual museum-fest that we indulge in when on a city break, mainly because the galleries in the Netherlands are so expensive to get into! Coming from a country where most museums and galleries are free, and believing strongly in that system, I have to admit some resentment to paying upwards of £10 each to get in, even as a tourist. Added to this is the fact that the museums were almost exclusively art based rather than archaeology or ancient history, and although I like art there's only so many paintings I can take in the space of a few days.

So this trip would take in a limited number of major cultural venues but otherwise be one with a good deal more walking, shopping, coffee drinking and pancake eating than usual. Thankfully, despite it raining on us at least a little bit every day, Amsterdam is a fantastic city for doing just that. The architecture and canals are very pretty and the city rewards the time taken to explore its myriad of tight alleyways and near-identical waterways. One thing I have to mention is the sheer friendliness of the locals, who were without exception welcoming, good humoured and in possession of excellent English language skills.

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

amsterdam

Of course, its impossible to visit Amsterdam without seeing anything of its red light district (mainly as its slap-bang in the centre of the historic city). As expected, it was a rather seedy experience with a range of decidedly depressed looking prostitutes peering out at the mostly disinterested passers by. The occasional anorak-wearing person seen going inside only confirmed what a tawdry existence it must be. Safe to say we saw, didn't buy the T shirt, and kept walking!

Rijksmuseum

The recently reopened Rijksmuseum was one of the main reasons for our visit. After being closed for ten years, this much vaunted 'cathedral of art' was very high on our hit list, despite its €15 entry fee and talk of enormous queues.

Arriving early on a Sunday helped us be one of the first in the queue, though the crowds never seemed to reach crisis point at any time during our 4 hour visit. Being one of the first through the doors, we naturally headed straight for the star attraction, Rembrandt's 'Night Watch', to see it while it was still quiet. As the photos below show, the gallery was as quiet as it must ever be.

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

With that done, we began to work our way back through the galleries more systematically, starting with the architecturally attractive Asian Pavilion. The use of large glass walls and exterior water was very well executed, and matched the feel of the objects beautifully. In fact, throughout the Rijksmuseum, clean, simple displays with careful and effective lighting were the order of the day.

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

Next up were the Medieval galleries, though I had to remind myself that I was in an art gallery and that this was about attractive objects rather than daily life and context. Nevertheless, the combination of paintings and diverse 3D objects complemented each other well and kept the galleries varied and the quality high. The wooden statuary in particular is wonderful, and as Medieval displays go this is as good as I've seen since the Musee du Moyen Age (formerly the Musee de Cluny) in Paris.

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

The Rijksmuseum is understandably a very large institution, so below is a selection of images from the other galleries, encompassing a large range of collections, from weaponry and armour to costume, ceramics and model ships.


amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

amsterdam rijksmuseum gallery

Anne Frank's House

The story of Anne Frank and her family is truly one of the most memorable and moving of the 20th Century, and of course just one highlighted episode which serves to tell the countless millions of similar personal tragedies now lost to history.  It would have seemed wrong to go to Amsterdam and not go and visit the house where she and her family attempted to hide from persecution.

I almost want to separate the two elements of the visit - firstly the story of Anne herself and the slight but touching traces of her that remain, and secondly the experience of mass international tourism that the house attracts. As my wife will tell you I'm not a big fan of being in huge crowds at heritage sites, much preferring to experience them when quiet and easier to contemplate. At Anne Frank's House, that is pretty much impossible. Although by going in the evening we missed the worst of the crowds, we still had to queue outside and then shuffle around the house like the world's most boring conga line.  This inevitably meant that in the earlier rooms, part of the offices and stores that formed the company occupying the 'visible' part of the building, we spent a long time going nowhere with very little to look at apart from the odd quote on the wall and some short video interviews.  However, when in the 'secret rooms' where the Frank family hid, the line would often seem to move forward at great speed, meaning that the key experiences such as seeing the posters Anne placed in her own room or the marks on the wall where Anne and her sister had their height measured over the years, were impossible to appreciate due to the people behind constantly forcing you forwards.  Not a great experience it has to be said, though the power of the story still thankfully manages to shine through.

I had decided that since, to my shame, I didn't have a copy of Anne Frank's diary on my bookshelf, I would buy one from the shop.  However, as the copies they had were imported from the UK, with a UK RRP of £7.99 printed on them, I certainly wasn't going to pay the 12 Euros they were charging!

Overall, despite my price and mass tourism grumbles, Amsterdam was a lovely place to explore, and I certainly hope to be able to experience more of the Dutch welcome in future visits to other parts of the country.




Tuesday, 4 June 2013

The Must Farm boats preview

I was absolutely delighted to be invited to the preview of a very special archaeological discovery this afternoon - the amazingly preserved Bronze Age material from Must Farm in Cambridgeshire.  Now, as a Romanist I confess that some elements of prehistory leave me a little cold, but some discoveries are simply astounding - and this one is right up there with the best of them.

The Must Farm site sits on the edge of the fens, within a modern brick pit, and on a stretch of the prehistoric River Nene.  The waterlogged deposits have preserved a wonderful and complex landscape, complete with fish weirs, dwellings, timber post alignments, tools, weapons and burials - the majority of which are preserved in incredible condition.  The excavations have been carried out by the Cambridge Archaeological Unit, but it seems that the support and assistance of the landowner, Hanson, and English Heritage has been crucial.

The preview event was held at Flag Fen, part of the same prehistoric fenland landscape as Must Farm and itself one of the most important Bronze Age sites in Europe.  Flag Fen is the new home to the most iconic of the finds, 8 complete or near complete log boats, the largest of which being an immense 9m in length.  The boats, made from oak, alder and (uniquely I think) lime, are about to embark on a lengthy conservation process within a newly constructed, and publicly visible, cold store.  The conservation process for the boats and the other amazing finds (such as the Iron Age sword with surviving wooden handle and willow scabbard) is being carried out by the York Archaeological Trust.

The boats will undergo 2 or 3 years worth of assessment and treatment at Flag Fen, before hopefully then being moved to a more permanent display at Flag fen or elsewhere.  One thing I rather liked was the name that has been given to each boat, though I have to confess that whereas I understand names like 'Dorothy' or 'Belinda', 'Toppled McClary' and 'French Albert - the Fifth Musketeer' left me wondering quite what the excavators were smoking at the time!

The site is far too detailed to go into here, and I wouldn't want to use images that I don't have permission for, so I'd urge you to head over to the official website for the project and have a good look at the wonderful objects and very well written descriptions over there.  In the meantime, here are some of my photos from the afternoon, both of the boats and around Flag Fen, including the newly redesigned museum displays.